Day 5
The Mughals
Humayun (1530 - 1540 AD & 1555 - 1556 AD)
Humayun was the second ruler of the Mughal dynasty. He was the son of Babar.
After being defeated in the battle of Kannauj in 1540 AD, he was forced to leave Delhi.
In 1541 AD, Humayun was married to Hamida Banu Begum.
15 October 1542 - Akbar was born.
Battle of Sirhind (22 June 1555)
Humayun defeated Adilshah Suri and restored his empire in India.
On 27 January 1556, Humayun died by falling from the stairs of a library. It is said that Humayun liked Afeem.
Gulbadan Begum wrote Humayunama and Haji Begum built tomb of Humayun in Delhi.
Akbar
When Humayun died, Akbar was in Kallanor, Punjab. Mirja Abul Kasim coronated Akbar.
The second battle of Panipat
On 5 November 1556, the second battle of Panipat was fought between Akbar and the last Hindu King, Hemu/ Hemraj. Akbar defeated Hemraj (14th Vikramaditya), he was the commander of Adilshah Suri.
Bairam Khan was the guardian of Akbar from 1556 to 1560 AD.
1560 - 1562
Peticot/ Parda/ Women Administration
In 1562, Akbar was married to Jodha Bai/ Harkha Bai.
- ended slavery system
- ended pilgrimage tax in 1563 AD
- ended jizya tax in 1564 AD
- established Fatehpur Sikri city in 1572 AD
- built Buland Darwaja
- started Ibadat Khana in 1575 AD
- started religious parliament in 1578 AD
- started a new religion "Din-i Ilahi" in 1582 AD, Akbar was the first to accept this new religion.
- started ilahi era calendar in 1583 AD
Akbar built Agra Fort, Allahabad Fort, and Lahore Fort.
Battle of Haldighati (1576 AD)
Akbar defeated Maharana Pratap.
Akbar started Mansabdari System (Ranking system) - Aiyne Dah Sala (average of ten years)
9 Gems in the court of Akbar
1. Abul Fazal, he wrote Aiyne Akbari & Akbarnama
2. Faizi (Persian poet)
3. Tansen (musician, real name - Ram Tanu Pandurang)
4. Man Singh (army commander)
5. Birbal (real name - Maheshdas)
6. Mulla do Pyaza (cook)
7. Hakim Hamam (Doctor)
8. Todermal (Finance Minister)
9. Raheem (Hindi poet)
No comments:
Post a Comment